RM-TRS / Tissue, repair and matrix signalling
GHK
Also known as: Gly-His-Lys · Tripeptide-1 · Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
Grade describes the published research on the molecule. It is not a quality score, a safety score, or a release state.
What this is
GHK is the free tripeptide. GHK-Cu is its copper complex. A label must say which material is present because metal state changes both analytical identity and reported activity.
Evidence position
Grade C reflects direct chemical and cell-level research. The strongest familiar wound and collagen studies predominantly concern GHK-Cu, not copper-free GHK.
What the record does not establish
A GHK-Cu paper does not prove that uncomplexed GHK will behave the same way, and neither record establishes the contents of a supplier vial.
Sources
- 01Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine compound recordPubChem
- Shows
- Identity, sequence and registry identifiers for copper-free GHK
- Does not show
- The registry includes mixed synonym usage; copper state must still be declared
- 02GHK-Cu stimulates MMP-2 expression; GHK alone did notPubMed
- Shows
- Direct cell comparison separating GHK-Cu from the uncomplexed GHK peptide
- Does not show
- Single in-vitro endpoint; not a clinical outcome
- 03Copper-complex formation and biological activity of GHKPubMed
- Shows
- Direct physicochemical work on GHK copper-binding equilibria
- Does not show
- Chemical and laboratory evidence only
External database index
LIVE DATABASE INDEX / SEPARATE FROM CURATED EVIDENCE
Records below come directly from public scientific databases. They help find relevant material, but do not affect the evidence grade until they are matched to the molecule and added to the curated source list.
PUBCHEM / IDENTITY
glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine
- CID
- 73587
- Formula
- C14H24N6O4
- Mass
- 340.38
PUBMED / FOUND RECORDS
- Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data.International journal of molecular sciences / 2018 Jul 7PMID 29986520 / DOI 10.3390/ijms19071987
- The potential of GHK as an anti-aging peptide.Aging pathobiology and therapeutics / 2020 Mar 27PMID 35083444 / DOI 10.31491/apt.2020.03.014
- GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration.BioMed research international / 2015PMID 26236730 / DOI 10.1155/2015/648108
- Glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Cu(2+) rescues cigarette smoking-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction via a sirtuin 1-dependent pathway.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle / 2023 JunPMID 36905132 / DOI 10.1002/jcsm.13213
- The glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine-Cu(2+) tripeptide complex attenuates lung inflammation and fibrosis in silicosis by targeting peroxiredoxin 6.Redox biology / 2024 SepPMID 38879894 / DOI 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103237